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Factors Influencing Knowledge and Attitude Among the Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia at Mathari Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya

Received: 24 October 2019     Accepted: 6 January 2020     Published: 9 January 2020
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Abstract

Schizophrenia is a mental disease that affects how a person feels, behaves and thinks. About 51 million people worldwide suffer from Schizophrenia globally. The main objective of the study was to determine factors that influence the knowledge and attitude of the caregivers of schizophrenic patients at Mathari Teaching and referral Hospital. Caregiver’s knowledge facilitates recognition of mental illness and health-seeking behavior. A cross- sectional descriptive study design was carried out to assess factors influencing knowledge and attitude among the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia at Mathari teaching and referral hospital, Kenya. To generate qualitative information, on knowledge and attitude the nurse in charge of the ward was selected as key informants. Data was collected using questionnaire and key informant interview. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis, similar themes were grouped. Schizophrenia was diagnosed using diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (DSM-V-TR) criteria. A total of 303 caregivers visiting the patients with schizophrenia in the wards were selected for study using systemic sampling technique. Pearson correlation coefficient, logistic regression and multiple regression was used to determine the magnitude of the correlation between dependent and independent variables. Most (72%) of the participants did not know the name of the condition which the patient was suffering from. Majority, 164 (54.1%) of the caregivers had a positive attitude towards schizophrenia. There was a perfect positive correlation with the length of time the patient had suffered from the condition (.08423 zero order) with the knowledge of the caregiver. From the study finding, there was a perfect positive correlation with age, gender, highest level of education and nature of occupation (.06543, .04186, .0088 and .0039) with the knowledge of the caregiver. There was also a perfect positive correlation with age, gender religion, relationship to client, and nature of occupation (.0054, .0009.0357, .0574 and 0068 zero orders respectively). Study findings indicated a positive correlation between knowledge and the attitude since a caregiver with more knowledge had a positive attitude. The study recommends, treatment literacy classes for caregivers of schizophrenia patients.

Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 5, Issue 1)

This article belongs to the Special Issue Health Dynamics

DOI 10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11
Page(s) 1-11
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Attitude, Caregivers, Knowledge, Schizophrenia, Mental Health

References
[1] APA. (2017). Supplement to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association Publishers.
[2] Barry, P. (2013). Mental Health and Mental Illness 7th edition. New York: Lippincott ravens Publishers.
[3] Townsend, M. (2013). Nursing Diagnoses in Psychiatric Nursing: Care Plans and Psychotropic Medications, 9th edition. Oklahoma: F. a Davis Company.
[4] Olfson, G. (2015). Premature Mortality Among Adults With Schizophrenia. London: JAMA Psychiatry.
[5] MOH. (2016). Kenya Mental Health Policy 2015-2030; Towards Attaining the Highest Standards of Mental Health. Nairobi: Ministry of Health.
[6] MOH Kenya. (2009). Clinical Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Common Conditions in Kenya. Nairobi: Ministry of Health Kenya.
[7] Ndetei, D. (2016). Schizophrenia and Other psychotic Disorders. Nairobi: University of Nairobi.
[8] Ferrari, C., & Santomauro, D. (2018, may 12). Global Epidemiology and Burden of Schizophrenia. Retrieved from PubMed: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29762765
[9] Gomez, D. (2015). Attitudes About Schizophrenia; Worlwide Campaing againist the Stigma of Schizophrenia. Social Psychiatry, 12-15.
[10] Chabungbam, G. (2014). Sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with relapse in Schizophrenia. Chandigarh: Folia publishing Society.
[11] NASCOP. (2018). Guidelines on Use of Antiretrovial Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV in Kenya. Nairobi: NASCOP.
[12] Mbugua, J. M. (2016). Stigma Towards Mental Illness in a Rural Community in Kenya. Nairobi: Unpublished Academic, University of Nairobi.
[13] Igberase, O., & Okogbenin, E. (2017). Beliefs About the Cause of Schizophrenia in Midwestern Nigeria. Benin: Delta State University.
[14] Magaru, M. (2012). Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia in Port Moresby, Papua new guinea. Port Moresby: Pacific Journal of Medical Sciences.
[15] Gathaiya, N. W. (2013). Factors Associated with Relapse in patients with Schizophrenia at Mathari Teaching and Refferral Hospital. Nairobi: Unpublished Academic, University of Nairobi.
[16] Shinde, M. (2014). Knowledge, Attitude and Practices among Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia in Western Maharashtra.
[17] Oye, V. L. (2018, January 2). Community Study of Knowledge and Attitude to Mental Illness in Nigeria. Retrieved from The British Journal of Psychiatry: https://doi.og/10.1192/bjp.186.5.436 International Journal of Science and Research, 1-7.
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  • APA Style

    Edna Anab, Agatha Onyango, Catherine Mwenda. (2020). Factors Influencing Knowledge and Attitude Among the Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia at Mathari Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. World Journal of Public Health, 5(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11

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    ACS Style

    Edna Anab; Agatha Onyango; Catherine Mwenda. Factors Influencing Knowledge and Attitude Among the Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia at Mathari Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. World J. Public Health 2020, 5(1), 1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11

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    AMA Style

    Edna Anab, Agatha Onyango, Catherine Mwenda. Factors Influencing Knowledge and Attitude Among the Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia at Mathari Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya. World J Public Health. 2020;5(1):1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11,
      author = {Edna Anab and Agatha Onyango and Catherine Mwenda},
      title = {Factors Influencing Knowledge and Attitude Among the Caregivers of Patients with Schizophrenia at Mathari Teaching and Referral Hospital, Kenya},
      journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {5},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-11},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20200501.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20200501.11},
      abstract = {Schizophrenia is a mental disease that affects how a person feels, behaves and thinks. About 51 million people worldwide suffer from Schizophrenia globally. The main objective of the study was to determine factors that influence the knowledge and attitude of the caregivers of schizophrenic patients at Mathari Teaching and referral Hospital. Caregiver’s knowledge facilitates recognition of mental illness and health-seeking behavior. A cross- sectional descriptive study design was carried out to assess factors influencing knowledge and attitude among the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia at Mathari teaching and referral hospital, Kenya. To generate qualitative information, on knowledge and attitude the nurse in charge of the ward was selected as key informants. Data was collected using questionnaire and key informant interview. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis, similar themes were grouped. Schizophrenia was diagnosed using diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (DSM-V-TR) criteria. A total of 303 caregivers visiting the patients with schizophrenia in the wards were selected for study using systemic sampling technique. Pearson correlation coefficient, logistic regression and multiple regression was used to determine the magnitude of the correlation between dependent and independent variables. Most (72%) of the participants did not know the name of the condition which the patient was suffering from. Majority, 164 (54.1%) of the caregivers had a positive attitude towards schizophrenia. There was a perfect positive correlation with the length of time the patient had suffered from the condition (.08423 zero order) with the knowledge of the caregiver. From the study finding, there was a perfect positive correlation with age, gender, highest level of education and nature of occupation (.06543, .04186, .0088 and .0039) with the knowledge of the caregiver. There was also a perfect positive correlation with age, gender religion, relationship to client, and nature of occupation (.0054, .0009.0357, .0574 and 0068 zero orders respectively). Study findings indicated a positive correlation between knowledge and the attitude since a caregiver with more knowledge had a positive attitude. The study recommends, treatment literacy classes for caregivers of schizophrenia patients.},
     year = {2020}
    }
    

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    AB  - Schizophrenia is a mental disease that affects how a person feels, behaves and thinks. About 51 million people worldwide suffer from Schizophrenia globally. The main objective of the study was to determine factors that influence the knowledge and attitude of the caregivers of schizophrenic patients at Mathari Teaching and referral Hospital. Caregiver’s knowledge facilitates recognition of mental illness and health-seeking behavior. A cross- sectional descriptive study design was carried out to assess factors influencing knowledge and attitude among the caregivers of patients with schizophrenia at Mathari teaching and referral hospital, Kenya. To generate qualitative information, on knowledge and attitude the nurse in charge of the ward was selected as key informants. Data was collected using questionnaire and key informant interview. Qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis, similar themes were grouped. Schizophrenia was diagnosed using diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorder (DSM-V-TR) criteria. A total of 303 caregivers visiting the patients with schizophrenia in the wards were selected for study using systemic sampling technique. Pearson correlation coefficient, logistic regression and multiple regression was used to determine the magnitude of the correlation between dependent and independent variables. Most (72%) of the participants did not know the name of the condition which the patient was suffering from. Majority, 164 (54.1%) of the caregivers had a positive attitude towards schizophrenia. There was a perfect positive correlation with the length of time the patient had suffered from the condition (.08423 zero order) with the knowledge of the caregiver. From the study finding, there was a perfect positive correlation with age, gender, highest level of education and nature of occupation (.06543, .04186, .0088 and .0039) with the knowledge of the caregiver. There was also a perfect positive correlation with age, gender religion, relationship to client, and nature of occupation (.0054, .0009.0357, .0574 and 0068 zero orders respectively). Study findings indicated a positive correlation between knowledge and the attitude since a caregiver with more knowledge had a positive attitude. The study recommends, treatment literacy classes for caregivers of schizophrenia patients.
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Author Information
  • Department of Public Health and Community Development, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya

  • Department of Nutrition and Health, Maseno University, Kisumu, Kenya

  • Department of Medical and Surgical Nursing, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya

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