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Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients in Northwestern Nigeria

Received: 25 July 2022     Accepted: 9 August 2022     Published: 14 September 2022
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Abstract

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major threat to tuberculosis (TB) control, and a common occurrence among HIV-infected patients in Nigeria. MDR-TB represents TB simultaneously resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for MDR-TB among HIV-infected patients from four Northwestern Nigeria states attending treatment in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. A hospital-based retrospective case-control study was conducted by reviewing the clinical records of HIV-infected patients tested for MDR-TB from January 2015 to January 2017. A total of 111 MDR-TB cases were obtained, with equal number (111) of randomly selected controls for this study. We used a descriptive statistical technique to obtain summary values for cases and controls. Variables that showed significant association in bivariate analysis were subjected to multivariable logistic analysis. The independent predictors for MDR-TB were Female Sex (AOR=48.26, 95%, Cl: 6.39-365.88), Rural Residence (AOR=4.09, 95%, Cl: 2.05-8.17) and Age (26-45 years) (AOR=1.34, 95%, Cl: 0.56-3.59). Factors such as; Currently Married, Not Currently Married, Previously Treated and Previously Untreated showed no statistical significance at p>0.05. This study identified Female Sex, Rural Residence, and Age (26-45 years) as risk factors for MDR-TB among HIV-infected patients in Northwestern Nigeria. We recommend a prospective study for further understanding of the clinical outcomes of TB treatment and disease.

Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 7, Issue 3)
DOI 10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14
Page(s) 119-123
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB), HIV, Risk Factor, Nigeria

References
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[7] Xi, Y., Zhang, W., Qiao, R. J., & Tang, J. (2022). Risk factors for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: A worldwide systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS one, 17 (6), e0270003.
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[15] Baya, B., Achenbach, C. J., Kone, B., Toloba, Y., Dabitao, D. K., Diarra, B. & Diallo, S. (2019). Clinical risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Mali. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 81, 149-155.
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Cite This Article
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    Egbenoma Andrew Aigboeghian, Simon Ikechukwu Enem, Preciousgift Orhue Isibor. (2022). Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients in Northwestern Nigeria. World Journal of Public Health, 7(3), 119-123. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14

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    ACS Style

    Egbenoma Andrew Aigboeghian; Simon Ikechukwu Enem; Preciousgift Orhue Isibor. Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients in Northwestern Nigeria. World J. Public Health 2022, 7(3), 119-123. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14

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    AMA Style

    Egbenoma Andrew Aigboeghian, Simon Ikechukwu Enem, Preciousgift Orhue Isibor. Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients in Northwestern Nigeria. World J Public Health. 2022;7(3):119-123. doi: 10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14

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  • @article{10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14,
      author = {Egbenoma Andrew Aigboeghian and Simon Ikechukwu Enem and Preciousgift Orhue Isibor},
      title = {Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients in Northwestern Nigeria},
      journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {7},
      number = {3},
      pages = {119-123},
      doi = {10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.wjph.20220703.14},
      abstract = {Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major threat to tuberculosis (TB) control, and a common occurrence among HIV-infected patients in Nigeria. MDR-TB represents TB simultaneously resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for MDR-TB among HIV-infected patients from four Northwestern Nigeria states attending treatment in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. A hospital-based retrospective case-control study was conducted by reviewing the clinical records of HIV-infected patients tested for MDR-TB from January 2015 to January 2017. A total of 111 MDR-TB cases were obtained, with equal number (111) of randomly selected controls for this study. We used a descriptive statistical technique to obtain summary values for cases and controls. Variables that showed significant association in bivariate analysis were subjected to multivariable logistic analysis. The independent predictors for MDR-TB were Female Sex (AOR=48.26, 95%, Cl: 6.39-365.88), Rural Residence (AOR=4.09, 95%, Cl: 2.05-8.17) and Age (26-45 years) (AOR=1.34, 95%, Cl: 0.56-3.59). Factors such as; Currently Married, Not Currently Married, Previously Treated and Previously Untreated showed no statistical significance at p>0.05. This study identified Female Sex, Rural Residence, and Age (26-45 years) as risk factors for MDR-TB among HIV-infected patients in Northwestern Nigeria. We recommend a prospective study for further understanding of the clinical outcomes of TB treatment and disease.},
     year = {2022}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Risk Factors for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Patients in Northwestern Nigeria
    AU  - Egbenoma Andrew Aigboeghian
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    JF  - World Journal of Public Health
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.wjph.20220703.14
    AB  - Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major threat to tuberculosis (TB) control, and a common occurrence among HIV-infected patients in Nigeria. MDR-TB represents TB simultaneously resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid. This study aimed to identify the risk factors for MDR-TB among HIV-infected patients from four Northwestern Nigeria states attending treatment in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital. A hospital-based retrospective case-control study was conducted by reviewing the clinical records of HIV-infected patients tested for MDR-TB from January 2015 to January 2017. A total of 111 MDR-TB cases were obtained, with equal number (111) of randomly selected controls for this study. We used a descriptive statistical technique to obtain summary values for cases and controls. Variables that showed significant association in bivariate analysis were subjected to multivariable logistic analysis. The independent predictors for MDR-TB were Female Sex (AOR=48.26, 95%, Cl: 6.39-365.88), Rural Residence (AOR=4.09, 95%, Cl: 2.05-8.17) and Age (26-45 years) (AOR=1.34, 95%, Cl: 0.56-3.59). Factors such as; Currently Married, Not Currently Married, Previously Treated and Previously Untreated showed no statistical significance at p>0.05. This study identified Female Sex, Rural Residence, and Age (26-45 years) as risk factors for MDR-TB among HIV-infected patients in Northwestern Nigeria. We recommend a prospective study for further understanding of the clinical outcomes of TB treatment and disease.
    VL  - 7
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    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria

  • Department of Biology, College of Science and Health, William Paterson University of New Jersey, Wayne, USA

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