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Factors Associated with Vitamin A Supplementation in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Guinea: Secondary Analysis of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey Data

Received: 28 October 2023     Accepted: 8 December 2023     Published: 1 February 2024
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Abstract

Introduction: Vitamin A is a nutrient required for normal functioning of the visual system, growth, development, cellular integrity of the epithelium, immune function, and reproduction. Deficiency can be serious for children. Therefore, the WHO has recommended high-dose vitamin A supplementation for infants and children aged between 6 and 59 months in situations where vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem. Assorted studies have demonstrated a strong association between vitamin A deficiency and an increased risk of infections, visual defects, and anemia. Factors linked to mothers and residential environments are thought to be associated with Vit A supplementation. The aim of our study was to identify these factors in children aged 6-59 months in Guinea using data from the DHS 2018. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2018 by a cross-sectional survey in Guinea. We analyzed data from 4240 mothers who responded to questions about Vit A supplementation of their children. A descriptive analysis of the survey data was performed using Stata 14.0 software, and factors associated with Vit A supplementation were then identified using univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was also performed, considering only factors with a p-value ≤0.050 in the model. Results: Overall coverage of Vit A supplementation was 42%, with variations according to administrative region. The mother's level of education and work/occupation, household wealth quintile and region of residence were associated with Vit A supplementation in children aged 6-59 months. Conclusion: Vit A supplementation coverage of children aged 6-59 months is low in Guinea, far from the 80% target that would significantly reduce infant mortality. Interventions on modifiable associated factors and routinization of supplementation could improve Vit A supplementation coverage. We suggest carrying out similar in-depth studies in certain prefectures in order to make a comparison and draw conclusions based on the evidence.

Published in World Journal of Public Health (Volume 9, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/wjph.20240901.16
Page(s) 43-48
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Associated Factors, Vit A Supplementation, DHS 2018, Guinea

References
[1] Berde AS, Bester P, Kruger IM. Couverture et facteurs associés à la supplémentation en vitamine a chez les enfants âgés de 6 à 59 mois dans vingt-trois pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Public Health Nutr. 2019; 22(10): 1770-6. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980018004056.
[2] Sentongo P, et al. Association of vitamin a deficiency with early childhood stunting in Uganda: a population-based cross-sectional study. PLoS One. 2020; 15(5): e0233615. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233615.
[3] Xu Y, Shan Y, Lin X, Miao Q, Lou L, Wang Y, et al. Global patterns in vision loss burden due to vitamin A deficiency from 1990 to 2017. Public Health Nutr. déc 2021; 24(17): 5786-94.
[4] Changezi F, Lindberg L. Socio-economic determinants of vitamin A intake in children under 5 years of age: evidence from Pakistan. Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics. 2017; 30(5): 615-20.
[5] McLean E, Klemm R, Subramaniam H, Greig A. Recentrer les programmes de supplémentation en vitamine A pour atteindre les plus vulnérables. BMJ Glob Health. juill 2020; 5(7): e001997.
[6] Bendich A, Langseth L. Safety of vitamin A. Am J Clin Nutr. févr 1989; 49(2): 358-71.
[7] Cabezuelo MT, Zaragozá R, Barber T, Viña JR. Role of Vitamin A in Mammary Gland Development and Lactation.
[8] Mammary Gland Development and Lactation. Nutrients. 27 déc 2019; 12(1): E80.
[9] 9789242501780_fre.pdf [Internet]. [cité 20 sept 2021]. Disponible sur: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44727/9789242501780_fre.pdf
[10] Baye K, Laillou A, Seyoum Y, Zvandaziva C, Chimanya K, Nyawo M. Estimates of child mortality reductions attributed to vitamin A supplementation in sub-Saharan Africa: scale up, scale back, or refocus? The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 1 août 2022; 116(2): 426-34.
[11] Supplémentation en vitamine A pour prévenir la morbidité et la mortalité chez les enfants de six mois à cinq ans - Imdad, A - 2022 | Bibliothèque Cochrane [Internet]. [cité 20 févr2023]. Disponible sur: https://www.cochranelibrary.com/cdsr/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD008524.pub4/abstract
[12] Lartey S, Armah P. Supplémentation en vitamine a chez les enfants d'âge préscolaire.
[13] Couverture et facteurs déterminant l'adoption dans trois districts du Ghana. JOJO. 19 sept 2019; 7(5): 1-6.
[14] Berde AS, Bester P, Kruger IM. Couverture et facteurs associés à la supplémentation en vitamine A chez les enfants âgés de 6 à 59 mois dans vingt-trois pays d'Afrique subsaharienne. Public Health Nutr. juill 2019; 22(10): 1770-6.
[15] Bendech MA, Cusack G, Konaté F, Touré A, Ba M, Baker SK. Enquête nationale sur la couverture de la supplémentation en vitamine A chez les enfants âgés de 6 à 59 mois en Guinée (Afrique de l'Ouest). Journal of Tropical Pediatrics. 1 juin 2007; 53(3): 190-6.
[16] National-nutrition-plan-guinea.pdf [Internet]. [City 16 mars 2023].
[17] EDS 2018.pdf [Internet]. [City 18 janv 2022]. Disponible sur: https://www.unicef.org/guinea/media/2106/file/EDS%202018.pdf
[18] Janmohamed A, Klemm RD, Doledec D. Determinants of successful vitamin A supplementation coverage among children aged 6-59 months in thirteen sub-Saharan African countries. Public Health Nutrition. Août 2017; 20(11): 2016-22.
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  • APA Style

    Sow, A., Keita, F. S., Sow, S., Diallo, A. O., Kouame, J. K., et al. (2024). Factors Associated with Vitamin A Supplementation in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Guinea: Secondary Analysis of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey Data. World Journal of Public Health, 9(1), 43-48. https://doi.org/10.11648/wjph.20240901.16

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    ACS Style

    Sow, A.; Keita, F. S.; Sow, S.; Diallo, A. O.; Kouame, J. K., et al. Factors Associated with Vitamin A Supplementation in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Guinea: Secondary Analysis of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey Data. World J. Public Health 2024, 9(1), 43-48. doi: 10.11648/wjph.20240901.16

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    AMA Style

    Sow A, Keita FS, Sow S, Diallo AO, Kouame JK, et al. Factors Associated with Vitamin A Supplementation in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Guinea: Secondary Analysis of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey Data. World J Public Health. 2024;9(1):43-48. doi: 10.11648/wjph.20240901.16

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  • @article{10.11648/wjph.20240901.16,
      author = {Abdoulaye Sow and Fatoumata Sekou Keita and Sadou Sow and Alpha Oumar Diallo and Jean Konan Kouame and Mamadou Oury Balde and Alain Ntumba Katende and Mariama Souare and Mamadou Bhoye Diallo and Mamadou Alpha Diallo and Kadiata Bah and Amadou Lamarana Sow and Amadou Bailo Diallo and Jean Marie Kipela},
      title = {Factors Associated with Vitamin A Supplementation in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Guinea: Secondary Analysis of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey Data},
      journal = {World Journal of Public Health},
      volume = {9},
      number = {1},
      pages = {43-48},
      doi = {10.11648/wjph.20240901.16},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/wjph.20240901.16},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.wjph.20240901.16},
      abstract = {Introduction: Vitamin A is a nutrient required for normal functioning of the visual system, growth, development, cellular integrity of the epithelium, immune function, and reproduction. Deficiency can be serious for children. Therefore, the WHO has recommended high-dose vitamin A supplementation for infants and children aged between 6 and 59 months in situations where vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem. Assorted studies have demonstrated a strong association between vitamin A deficiency and an increased risk of infections, visual defects, and anemia. Factors linked to mothers and residential environments are thought to be associated with Vit A supplementation. The aim of our study was to identify these factors in children aged 6-59 months in Guinea using data from the DHS 2018. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2018 by a cross-sectional survey in Guinea. We analyzed data from 4240 mothers who responded to questions about Vit A supplementation of their children. A descriptive analysis of the survey data was performed using Stata 14.0 software, and factors associated with Vit A supplementation were then identified using univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was also performed, considering only factors with a p-value ≤0.050 in the model. Results: Overall coverage of Vit A supplementation was 42%, with variations according to administrative region. The mother's level of education and work/occupation, household wealth quintile and region of residence were associated with Vit A supplementation in children aged 6-59 months. Conclusion: Vit A supplementation coverage of children aged 6-59 months is low in Guinea, far from the 80% target that would significantly reduce infant mortality. Interventions on modifiable associated factors and routinization of supplementation could improve Vit A supplementation coverage. We suggest carrying out similar in-depth studies in certain prefectures in order to make a comparison and draw conclusions based on the evidence.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Factors Associated with Vitamin A Supplementation in Children Aged 6-59 Months in Guinea: Secondary Analysis of 2018 Demographic and Health Survey Data
    AU  - Abdoulaye Sow
    AU  - Fatoumata Sekou Keita
    AU  - Sadou Sow
    AU  - Alpha Oumar Diallo
    AU  - Jean Konan Kouame
    AU  - Mamadou Oury Balde
    AU  - Alain Ntumba Katende
    AU  - Mariama Souare
    AU  - Mamadou Bhoye Diallo
    AU  - Mamadou Alpha Diallo
    AU  - Kadiata Bah
    AU  - Amadou Lamarana Sow
    AU  - Amadou Bailo Diallo
    AU  - Jean Marie Kipela
    Y1  - 2024/02/01
    PY  - 2024
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/wjph.20240901.16
    DO  - 10.11648/wjph.20240901.16
    T2  - World Journal of Public Health
    JF  - World Journal of Public Health
    JO  - World Journal of Public Health
    SP  - 43
    EP  - 48
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2637-6059
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/wjph.20240901.16
    AB  - Introduction: Vitamin A is a nutrient required for normal functioning of the visual system, growth, development, cellular integrity of the epithelium, immune function, and reproduction. Deficiency can be serious for children. Therefore, the WHO has recommended high-dose vitamin A supplementation for infants and children aged between 6 and 59 months in situations where vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem. Assorted studies have demonstrated a strong association between vitamin A deficiency and an increased risk of infections, visual defects, and anemia. Factors linked to mothers and residential environments are thought to be associated with Vit A supplementation. The aim of our study was to identify these factors in children aged 6-59 months in Guinea using data from the DHS 2018. Methods: This was a secondary analysis of data from the Demographic and Health Survey conducted in 2018 by a cross-sectional survey in Guinea. We analyzed data from 4240 mothers who responded to questions about Vit A supplementation of their children. A descriptive analysis of the survey data was performed using Stata 14.0 software, and factors associated with Vit A supplementation were then identified using univariate analysis. Multivariate analysis was also performed, considering only factors with a p-value ≤0.050 in the model. Results: Overall coverage of Vit A supplementation was 42%, with variations according to administrative region. The mother's level of education and work/occupation, household wealth quintile and region of residence were associated with Vit A supplementation in children aged 6-59 months. Conclusion: Vit A supplementation coverage of children aged 6-59 months is low in Guinea, far from the 80% target that would significantly reduce infant mortality. Interventions on modifiable associated factors and routinization of supplementation could improve Vit A supplementation coverage. We suggest carrying out similar in-depth studies in certain prefectures in order to make a comparison and draw conclusions based on the evidence.
    
    VL  - 9
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University Gamal Abdel Nasser, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University Gamal Abdel Nasser, Conakry, Guinea

  • Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, University Gamal Abdel Nasser, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

  • Regional Health Directorate, Labe, Guinea

  • World Health Organization, Dakar Office, Dakar, Senegal

  • World Health Organization, Conakry, Guinea

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